What Can 2-buotoxyethanol Cause? 

Hematology Overview (restated below)

Check for acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Hematology: The medical specialty that pertains to the anatomy, physiology, pathology, symptomatology, and therapeutics related to the blood and blood-forming tissues.

Blood can be a target organ of a toxic insult. Hematology evaluations, the study of blood and blood forming tissues, are useful in detecting, monitoring, and understanding toxic processes and are commonly recommended in animal toxicology and safety assessment studies.

Hematopoiesis - The process of formation and development of the various types of blood cells and other formed element.

 

  • Narcosis

  • Damage to the kidney

  • Damage to the liver
  • Present an abnormal blood picture showing:  Erythropenia
 Erythrocytes
Production of erythrocytes (RBC's) occurs extravascularly in the bone marrow parenchyma. The primary purpose of RBC's is to produce, carry, and protect hemoglobin (Hb) for oxygen transport.
  • Present an abnormal blood picture showing:  Reticulocytosis
 If a person is getting good nutrition (Liver Functioning OK) See what the ratio of mature to immature red blood cells is; also ask for the lab tech to look at the  RBCs and comment (See below) 
  • Present an abnormal blood picture showing:  Granulocytosis
  • Present an abnormal blood picture showing:  Leukocytosis
 Leukocytes (function?)
Blood leukocytes (WBC's) consist of five cell lines (neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes). Under various abnormal conditions, the total numbers or proportions, or both, may be characteristically increased, decreased, or not altered, and they may be present in other tissues and organs.
  • Likely to Cause Fragility of Erythrocytes

  • Likely to Cause Hematuria
  • Causes Central Nervous System (CNS) DEPRESSION

  • Swallowing of 2-butoxyethanol results in a sour taste that turns to a burning sensation - 
  • Loss of taste (getting it in water or eating with food?)
  • Which is followed by Numb-ness of the tongue which indicates paralysis of the sensory nerve endings.
  • Headaches and Stupor.  Narcotic Effect 
  • Causes skin irritation.
  • Causes severe eye irritation - damage to tissue possible
  • Irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract
CHRONIC EFFECTS - TARGET ORGANS:
  • Blood
  • Kidneys
  • Liver
  • Central Nervous System
  • Testes
  • Overexposure may cause reproductive disorder(s) based on tests with laboratory animals.
source

11-14-03
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Currently, the National Toxicology Program has a core complete blood count included with their 13-week toxicity studies that includes:
  • RBC count     RBC count, hematocrit (Hct), and Hb concentration are all used as estimates of the circulating RBC mass. They provide information concerning the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and the bone marrow erythropoietic activity.
  • WBC count   Total and differential WBC counts are used as a means of evaluating leukocyte responses to a microbial infection or chemicals. SEE RBC
  • Platelet count   The platelet count is used for evaluating quantitative platelet disorders.  The primary function of platelets is to maintain hemostasis, i.e., they form a plug at the sites of endothelial lining injury. They also play a role in coagulation, as mediators of inflammation, and in phagocytosis of small particles and bacteria.
  • Hematocrit  (Hct)     SEE RBC comments (Red Blood Cells)
  • Hb concentration    SEE RBC comments (Red Blood Cells)
  • Mean corpuscular Hb  Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are morphological measures and are useful in the classification of anemias.
  • Mean corpuscular volume  (MCV)  
  • mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
  • Reticulocyte count  The reticulocyte count is a semiquantitative indicator of bone marrow erythropoietic activity and is estimated by evaluating the presence of immature RBC's in the peripheral blood.
  • WBC differential     Total and differential WBC counts are used as a means of evaluating leukocyte responses to a microbial infection or chemicals.

  • Morphological evaluation of blood cells

This chart is only a reorganization of this web page -

Hematology Overview by the National Toxicology Program

 

Hematotoxicology: Hematotoxicity is manifested by altered number and/or function of circulating blood cells. A reduction in cell numbers is a common finding associated with hematotoxicity and lesions are usually classified by the cell type affected. For example, anemia is a relatively common occurrence in toxicity studies. It indicates a decrease in the circulating RBC mass and is characterized by an absolute decrease in the Hct, Hb concentration, and RBC count. Anemia is associated with excessive RBC loss, destruction, or suppressed production and can be caused by numerous mechanisms.

More on this chemical           Sometimes you Can't tell it's in a product-example

this page is a blend of information found on

Product Number: 579556  
Product Name: 2-Butoxyethanol

sigmaaldrich.com England

Valid 5/2003 - 7/2003

and

http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/

*

when looking for more information on 2-butoxyethanol

MSDS may say: Animals receiving repeated oral doses of 2-butoxyethanol, a component of this product, developed hemolytic anemia and secondary injury to the kidney and liver.

Hazardous substance Oxymoron 

Immunotoxicity Study Although these are how to test animals - There is helpful info